Learn Advanced Frontend Development with Free Tutorials, Cheatsheets & Docs

Once you are well-versed in the basics of frontend development, you can move on to the advanced section. Here, you will learn the same topic in more detail. You will get to know how these technologies work behind the scenes and how the industry functions, following various methodologies and practices.

Basics of Internet

Understanding the basics of the Internet is crucial for any frontend developer. The Internet is a network of millions of devices globally, enabling data sharing and communication. Key components include protocols like IP and HTTP/HTTPS, the Domain Name System (DNS) for translating domain names into IP addresses, and technologies such as browsers and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) that optimize web content delivery.

HTML

In HTML advanced, let’s delve deeper into the intricacies of web page structuring and semantics. Beyond basic tags, explore advanced elements like HTML5 semantic tags (e.g., <header>, <footer>, <article>) and microdata that improve accessibility and SEO. You’ll also learn about web performance optimization techniques, such as minimizing DOM complexity and utilizing efficient loading strategies to ensure faster load times. Additionally, the WebSocket API enables real-time, full-duplex communication between your browser and server to make web applications.

CSS

In advanced CSS, we will focus on enhancing web designs with sophisticated techniques and best practices. You’ll explore CSS Grid and Flexbox to create flexible and responsive layouts and learn CSS animations and transitions to bring your interfaces to life. Advanced topics like pre-processors (Sass, Less), BEM (Block, Element, Modifier), and CSS-in-JS enable you to write more maintainable and scalable styles.

JS

To write more efficient and clean code, you will learn about modern ES6+ features, such as arrow functions, classes, and modules. You’ll delve into asynchronous programming with promises, async/await, and the Fetch API for handling complex data fetching and event handling. Advanced techniques like closures, the event loop, and understanding execution context will deepen your knowledge of how JavaScript works behind the scenes.

VCS Hosting

Version Control System (VCS) Hosting enables collaboration and efficient code management in development. Platforms like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket offer cloud-based repositories to host your code, track changes, and manage versions. They provide essential features like branch management, pull requests, issue tracking, and code review processes to ensure your codebase is well-organized, versioned, and available for collaboration from anywhere.

Package Managers

Beyond basic commands, you’ll explore features like workspaces in Yarn for monorepo management, package-lock, shrinkwrap in npm for consistent dependency versions across environments, and the use of custom scripts to automate complex tasks. You’ll also learn about dependency auditors and security tools that help detect package vulnerabilities to ensure your project is secure, maintainable, and optimized for performance. Learn atleast 1 of the 2 below mentioned package managers. NPM is widely used for projects across industry.

npm (Node Package Manager)

Yarn

JS Framework

Beyond basic usage, you’ll explore advanced state management solutions, server-side rendering (SSR) for faster load times, improved SEO, and component lifecycle methods for optimal performance. You’ll also learn TypeScript for strongly typed JavaScript and better code quality, advanced routing techniques, and the use of custom hooks or mixins. You can build scalable, performant, and maintainable web applications with all this knowledge. Learn atleast 1 of the 3 below mentioned JS Frameworks. React is popular and being used in vast number of companies. Vue.js & Angular have little less adoption than React but a good number of companies use them.

React

React is a widely-used JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It allows developers to create reusable UI components and manage the state of applications effectively.

Vue.js

Vue.js is a progressive JavaScript framework for building user interfaces. It is designed to be incrementally adoptable and can be used for building both simple and complex applications.

Angular

Angular is a platform and framework for building single-page client applications using HTML and TypeScript. It is maintained by Google and offers a comprehensive solution for developing scalable web applications.

Build Tools

Build Tools streamline and enhance your development workflow by automating repetitive tasks and optimizing your code for production. Learn about tools like Webpack for complex module bundling, Babel for JavaScript transpilation, and Gulp or Grunt for task automation. Explore code splitting for better load times, tree shaking to remove unused code, and custom plugins and loaders to extend functionality. Advanced build tools also include setting up Continuous Integration (CI) pipelines to automate testing and deployment, ensuring your code is always in top shape and ready for release. Build tools mentioned below have different areas of application so you will learn atleast 2 of 4 below mentioned build tools. Jenkins is more of Devops tool, so initially you can chose from Webpack/Grunt & Gulp.

Webpack

Webpack is a powerful and highly customizable module bundler for JavaScript applications. It manages dependencies, bundling, and various transformations using loaders and plugins.

Gulp

Gulp is a toolkit for automating painful or time-consuming tasks in your development workflow, such as minification, compilation, unit testing, and linting.

Grunt

Grunt is a JavaScript task runner that helps you automate repetitive tasks like minification, compilation, and unit testing.

Jenkins – Continuous Integration (CI)

CI involves automatically testing and deploying code changes to ensure updates do not break your application. Popular CI tools include Jenkins, Travis CI, and GitHub Actions.

Testing

After basic unit tests, learn more about integration testing to verify how different modules work together and end-to-end (E2E) testing using tools like Cypress or Selenium for simulating real user interactions. Explore test-driven development (TDD) and behavior-driven development (BDD) methodologies, which encourage writing tests before code to improve design and maintainability. Additionally, explore how to utilize mocking and stubbing to isolate tests, set up Continuous Integration (CI) pipelines for automated testing, and measure code coverage to ensure all functionality is thoroughly tested.

Jest

Cypress

Cypress is a next-generation front-end testing tool built for the modern web. It enables you to write E2E tests, integration tests, and unit tests.

Security Basics

Frontend developers ensure security at the code level. HTTPS encryption and preventing XSS and CSRF attacks through input validation forms are the foundation. Advanced techniques such as implementing a Content Security Policy (CSP), using HTTPOnly and Secure flags on cookies, and employing OAuth 2.0 for API security add further layers of defense. Mastering these security measures ensures your applications remain robust and resilient against evolving threats.

Server Side Rendering(SSR)

Server Side Rendering (SSR) is a technique where web pages are rendered on the server rather than in the browser. This process generates HTML on the server and sends it to the client, resulting in faster initial load times and better SEO by making content immediately available for search engines to index. Popular frameworks like Next.js for React and Nuxt.js for Vue.js facilitate SSR, helping you create fast, SEO-friendly web applications.

Static Site Generators(SSG)

Static Site Generators (SSGs) create pre-rendered HTML pages during the build process, leading to faster load times and improved security. Tools like Jekyll, Hugo, and Gatsby take your content and templates to generate static files, eliminating the need for server-side processing on each request. This approach makes your websites highly performant and easy to deploy on a CDN. SSGs help you build fast, secure, and easily maintainable websites ideal for blogs, portfolios, and documentation sites.

Progressive Web App(PWA)

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) deliver a mobile application-like experience from webpages. Modern web capabilities like offline access, push notifications, and fast load times make them highly responsive and reliable. With service workers and a web app manifest, PWAs can be installed on a user’s device and offer an app-like experience without needing an app store.

Desktop Applications

Desktop Applications built with web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JS use frameworks like Electron and NW.js. These tools package your web app with a native wrapper, allowing it to run on Windows, macOS, and Linux with access to native system features. This approach enables you to use your existing web development skills to build powerful desktop applications beyond browsers and reduces the need for multiple codebases.

Electron

Electron is a popular framework for building cross-platform desktop apps using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. It combines the Chromium rendering engine and the Node.js runtime, allowing you to access native APIs.

NW.js (formerly Node-Webkit)

NW.js allows you to build desktop applications with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. It extends Node.js with a browser environment and offers native APIs.

Mobile Applications

Frameworks like React Native, Flutter, and Ionic are based on web technologies that can be deployed on iOS and Android using single codebase. They offer access to native device features such as cameras, GPS, and sensors, allowing you to create highly interactive and performant mobile experiences. These mobile development frameworks will enable you to extend your web development skills to develop versatile, high-quality mobile applications.

React Native

React Native allows you to build mobile applications using React. It enables you to create fully featured, performant apps for both iOS and Android.

Flutter

Flutter is Google’s UI toolkit for building natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase. It uses the Dart programming language.

Ionic

Ionic is a popular framework for building cross-platform mobile apps using web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Don’t get overwhelmed by the multitude of topics above. If you have just finished the Basics section, create a roadmap using the topics listed above and learn them one by one. Some topics are very short and may only take a few hours to understand. However, I recommend spending at least 2-3 days on each small topic. Allocate equal time to both learning and practicing. By delving deeper into each subject, you give your brain sufficient time to form lasting semantic connections. Once you complete all the topics mentioned, you’ll be become an expert frontend developer.

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Abhishek Sachan

Abhishek is Growth Engineer at Requestly and has profound love for programming.

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